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Rear of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation
The Rear of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (RAF-RF) ((ロシア語:Тыл Вооружëнных Сил Российской Федерации, transcription: ''Tyl Vooruzhonnykh Sil Rossiyskoy Federatsii'')), often referred to in English as the "rear services", is an organization of support services for the Russian Armed Forces.
The Rear of the Armed Forces includes an unusually diverse range of services, for example medical services, firefighters, logistical services, economic analysts, scientific units, and combat-ready formations for maintaining and protecting rear installations such as pipelines and railways. The Rear also has its own central staff organization.
The Rear of the Armed Forces is separate to each force's own rear services, e.g. the Rear of the Ground Forces, Rear of the Strategic Missile Forces, etc. In principle, these rear organizations are co-ordinated by the Rear of the Armed Forces.
==History==
The formation of Russian rear services is commonly ascribed to the year 1700, when Peter I signed an order ''On Management of the Grain Supplies of All Military People to okolnichy Yazykov with Elevating Him to Commissary General After That'', thus forming the first supply service (''Proviantskiy Prikaz''). In 1711 all military supply services were incorporated in the army. However the word "rear" (тыл) as a separate term appeared only in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905. Shortly after the onset of Operation Barbarossa in 1941, the Russian rear services experienced severe difficulties, which were fixed after the order ''On Organization of the Rear Services Management Office of the Red Army...'' was enacted by the People's Commissar for Defence, Marshal of the Soviet Union Semyon Timoshenko. The Rear Services of the Armed Forces of the Soviet Union were renamed as the Rear Services of the Armed Forces of Russia in 1991.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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